bronchoalveolar lavage fluids การใช้

• Inhaled pentamidine is mainly deposited into the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the lungs.
• These modifiers have been shown to improve asthma symptoms, reduce asthma exacerbations and limit markers of inflammation such as eosinophil counts in the peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
• Subsequent studies of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from pediatric patients with asthma and also other severe chronic respiratory illnesses have demonstrated that over 50 percent had evidence of C . pneumoniae by direct organism identification.
• Elevated levels of IL-17A have been found in the sputum and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with asthma and a positive correlation between IL-17A production and asthma severity has been established.
• BLT2 receptor knockout mice exhibit attenuated ovalbumen-induced allergic airway eosinophilia and Interleukin 13 ( IL-13 ) content in their bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared with wild type mice and CD4-positive T cells isolated from the knockout mice showed a reduction IL-13 production but there was no change in the bronchospasm response to ovalbumin in these mice.
• In a mice model of ovalbumin-induced allergic airway disease, 12-HHT and its companion cyclooxygenase metabolites, Prostaglandin E2 and Prostaglandin D2, but not 12 other lipoxygenase or cycloxygenase mebolites showed a statistically significantly increase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid levels after intratracheal ovalbumin challenge; after this challenge, only 12-HHT, among the monitored BLT2 receptor-activating ligands ( LTB4, the 12 ( " S " ) stereoisomer of 12-HETE, and 15 ( " S " )-HETE ) attained levels capable of activating BLT2 receptors.
• A recent study has found that cats express the OXER1 receptor for 5-oxo-ETE, that feline leukocytes, including eosinophils, have been found to synthesize and be very highly responsive to 5-oxo-ETE, and that 5-oxo-ETE is present in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from cats with experimentally induced asthma; these findings suggest that the 5-oxo-ETE / OXER1 axis may play an important role in feline asthma, a common condition in this species, and that felines could serve as a useful animal model to investigate the pathophysiological role of 5-oxo-ETE in asthma and other conditions.
• However, in a mouse model of ovalbumin-induced allergic airway disease : "'a ) "'12-HHT and its companion cyclooxygenase metabolites, Prostaglandin E2 and Prostaglandin D2, but not 12 other lipoxygenase or cyclooxygenase metabolites showed a statistically significantly increase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid levels after intratracheal ovalbumin challenge; "'b ) "'only 12-HHT, among the monitored BLT2 receptor-activating ligands ( i . e . LTB4, the 12 ( " S " ) stereoisomer of 12-HETE, and 15 ( " S " )-HETE ) rose to a level capable of activating BLT2 receptors; and "'c ) "'